Combined tile and saggar.



E, VANCE. COMBINED TIDE AND SAGGAR.

APPLIGATION FILED 0GT.29, 1909.

Patented Sept. 27, 1910.

, GEORGE E. VANCE, OF SPRINGFIELD, )HIO.

COMBINED TILE AND SAGGAR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 27, 1910,

Application filed October 29, 1909. Serial No. 525,262.

To all whom it may concern:

3e it known that I, Gngncn E. VANCE, a citizen of the United States of America, re-

' siding in Springfield, in the county of Clark,

one form of combined tile and saggar. Fig. i 2 1s a-sectlonal elevation of a number of in the State of Ohio, have invented 'a certain new and useful Improvement in Combilled Tiles and Saggars, of which the following 1s a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing? which forma part thereof.

y presentinvention relates to, and has for its object, the improvement of apparatus used in the burningof pottery and like articles, such as emery wheels.

In burning emery wheelsit is, and long has been, the universal practice to support eachwheel on a bed of sand, or like material placed on a fiat tile, and to surround each wheel by a rin or saggar of tile material, and to stack tie tiles and rings alternately one above another to form a stand ofthe desired height." The long and intense heat to which the tile and saggars are subjected in burning the inclosed wheels subject the saggars and tiles to severe strains. On this account the rings are usually made in sections, and heretofore, so far as I am aware, have never in practice been made integrally with the tiles. I have discovered, however, that a satisfactory combined tile and -saggar structure formed in sections, each consisting of an end -portion and a side wall portion, can be employed with advantage, and that when the sections are properly shaped will stand the severe strains incident to the burning operation without fracture or injurious change in shape.

' The various features of novelty which characterize the present invention are'pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming, a part of this specification. For afibetter understanding of the invention, however, and the advantages pos sessed by igjreference may be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described forms in which the invention may be embodied.

Of the drawings, Figure l isaplan view of combined saggars and tiles assembled in a stand. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one continued.

illustrating the initial condition of a secconstruction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, each combined tile and saggar structure shown is m'the' form of a cylindrical box open at one end. :The box is composed of any suitable number. of similar sections A. As shown,-

there are four sections A, each 'of which comprises a fourth'of thecylindrical wall 'or sagga'r portion proper and a sector shaped end piece of each sector shaped end piece'A' should terminate short of the center of the end wall of the structure. to provide a central aperture theret-hrough which is closed during. the burning operation hereinafter described. In the form shown, the inner end of each sector shaped end piece-A is concaved as indicated at A and A, the c oncavities in the various sections A uniting to form a circular openinginthe end wall of the structure receiving the body of a plug C and a circular recess to receive the head C of the plug. The plug referred to, as well as the rest of the combined saggar and tile structure, is formed of the material ordinarily used in making tiles and saggais for burning emery wheels and the like, usually aimixture of fire clay and ground up fragments of old tile and saggars. e

In using the combined tiles and saggars described, they are usually stacked up as shown in Fig. 2, the end portions A, and the head C of the corresponding plug C of each saggar and tile structure forming a platform for the layer of quartz D,'or the like, upon which is placed the. emery wheel E, or like body, inclosed and covered by the superimposed tile and saggar. In assembling thercombined saggar and tile structures in' a stand, they are preferably arranged to break joints as shown in Flg. 2. The exposed joints between sections are usually sealed by pasting the cracks with fire clay to preventthe flames from entering the interior of the structure. It is usual in burning emery wheels to spread quartz on the top and side of each emery wheel, and

A. By preference the innervend ose' may be introthe quartz for this pur roughthe OPBIIIIIO duced or spread about t formed in the end of the saggar structure before the plug C 1s mserted. In order to assist in assembling the parts and maintaining them in place, registering ribs and recesses, as B and B respectively, may be formed with advantage int-lie edges of the different sections. It

will be apparent, however, that whether or not such registering projections and recesses B and B, are provided, the different sections of each combined tile and saggar will of the stand tion A of each of its not collapse under the weight of the emery Wheel or like body supported on the end rence of such rotation would obviously cause.

the central portion of the upper end of the curved-portion of the section to be raised .spectivelyg The'shape of the combinedyljile and sa gar may (i appreciably, but the elevation of this portion of the section is obviously prevented by the weight of the tile and saggar inclosing the. wall supported by that section and by the weight of the parts carried by it. The con caving of the inner end portion reduces the liability to injuryof the sections from the breaking ofi' of shar corners such as Would be left if the ends were not concaved, and which corners would be particularly liable to injury under the conditions of operation.

Instead of molding each saggar and tile section separately, they may be initially formed in one 'inte ral body F, as illustrated in Figs. 4 an 5, having a hole Fin the closed end F This integral structure is grooved or scored as indicated at F so that it may be readily broken apart into sections F, as shown in Fig. 5, F indicating the line of cleavage. Such a one piece combined tile and saggar, as is shown in Fig. 4, may be used as initially formed one or moretimes until it breaks apart under the strains of burning, or it may be broken apart after initially baked before being put into use as a combined tile and saggar.-

To facilitate handling the various sections, recesses A to receive the hands of the operator, may be formed as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or ribs F or J 2 may be formed as shown in Figs, 4 and 5, and '6 and 7,'re-

obviously be varied to suit con tions of operation. In themanuf cture of emery wheels, the tile and saggars vijill usuinclosing tile and ends of each sector like ally be cylinders, circular in cross section. In forming many different articles of pot tery it is usually considered more convenient to have the combinedtile and saggar structures oval or elliptical in cross section, like the combined tile and saggar shown in Fig. 4:, and of course the invention can be employed in forming combined tile and saggar structures different in shape from those shown in Figs. 1, 2 andt. For instance, in Figs. 6 and 7 I have illustrated a combined tile and saggar generally rectangular in form. The combined tile and saggar shown in Fi s. 6 and 7 is adapted: for the enameling of )ath tubs, and is composed of four similar cor ne'rsec'tions G and two intermediate sections H, and plugs I filling the openings formed at the points in the end wall where the section lines cross. The various sections G and H are formed with cooperating projections and recesses J and J in their vertical -as well as in their horizontal edges. The sections H. are preferably formed at their meeting edges each with a projection J and recess J so that there are no rlght and left hand' parts. 4

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the combined tile andsaggar structure described possesses substantial advantages over the separate tiles and saggars heretofore used. The sections, when properly' shaped, are not liable to fracture or warp. in the burnin operation, and are interchangeable, and hence when one section does become broken only that section and not a whole saggar or tile is destroyed. N otwithstanding the subdivision into numerous parts, the fact that each section comprises a side wall portion andan end wall portion insures a fairly stable structure. Contraction and expansion in the various sections may take place independently and without .producingany injurious change in the shape of the saggavor tile as a whole.

Having now described my inventiomwhat I I claim as new,.and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A combined saggar and tile for the purpose described,'in the at one end and formed of sections, each comprising a side wall portion and an end wall portion of the box.

2. A- combined saggar and tile for the purpose described, in the form ofa box open at one end and formed of sections, each comprising a side wall portion and anend wall portion of the box, said section being formed with registering projections and recesses in their adjacent edges.

. 3. A combined Sager and tile for the purpose described in the form of a cylindrical box'open at one end and formed of sections, cylindrical wall and a sector shaped porl'JO H Of the end wall of the bog.

form of a box open' each comprising a portion ofthe j 971,160 lsl;

4. A combined saggar and tile for the, purpose described, in the 'form of a cylindrical box open at one end and formed of sections, each comprising a portion of .the cylindrical Wall and a sector shaped portion of the end wall of the box, said sector shaped end portions being concave d at their inner ends, the conca-vities uniting'to form an opening through the end wall of the structure.

5. A combined saggar and tile for the purpose described, in the form of a cylindrical box open at one end and formed of sections, each comprising a portion of the cylindrical wall and a sector shaped portion of the end wall of the box, said sector shaped end portions being concaved at their inner ends, the concavities uniting to form an opening through the end Wall of the structure for the body of a headed plug, and a recess for the head of said plug, and a headed plug filling said opening and recess.

6. A combined saggar and tile structure in the form of a box openat, one end and formed of sections, wall portion and an end wall portion of the structure, the sections having concaved coreach comprising a side ners adjacent the points of intersection of.

the division lines ofthe structure in the end wall thereof, and lugs removably filling the openings formed by said concavities.

A combined saggar and tile for the purpose described in the form of a cylindrical box open at one end and formed of sections, each comgrising a portion of the cylindrical wall an a sector shaped portion 

